1.
An executed program that loads the first piece of software and starts a computer.
Correct Answer
B. Boot process
Explanation
The boot process refers to the sequence of events that occur when a computer is turned on or restarted. During the boot process, the computer's firmware or BIOS loads the first piece of software, known as the bootloader, which then initiates the loading of the operating system. This process is essential for starting up a computer and allows it to become operational.
2.
A collection of data, information, or code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. It can use all of your available memory and bring your system to a halt.
Correct Answer
D. File virus
Explanation
A file virus is a type of malicious software that infects computer files. It is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. Once activated, it can use up all of your available memory and cause your system to crash or become unresponsive. This type of virus can be extremely damaging and can lead to loss of data and system instability.
3.
The fastest type of computer.
Correct Answer
A. Supercomputer
Explanation
A supercomputer is the fastest type of computer available. It is specifically designed to perform complex calculations and process large amounts of data at incredibly high speeds. Supercomputers are used for tasks such as weather forecasting, scientific research, and simulations that require massive computational power. They are built with multiple processors, high-performance storage systems, and advanced cooling mechanisms to handle the intense workload. Supercomputers are capable of executing trillions of calculations per second, making them the fastest and most powerful computers in existence.
4.
Abbreviation for the binary term, a unit of storage capable of holding a single character.
Correct Answer
C. Byte
Explanation
A byte is the correct answer because it is an abbreviation for the binary term and it is a unit of storage that can hold a single character.
5.
The main part of a personal computer, including the chassis, microprocessor, main memory, bus, and ports. Does NOT include the keyboard or monitor or any peripheral devices.
Correct Answer
D. System unit
Explanation
The system unit refers to the main part of a personal computer, which includes the chassis, microprocessor, main memory, bus, and ports. It does not include peripheral devices such as the keyboard or monitor. This term specifically refers to the central components that make up the computer and allow it to function, excluding any external or additional accessories.
6.
Approximately 1 trillion bytes.
Correct Answer
A. Terabyte
Explanation
A terabyte is a unit of digital information that is approximately equal to 1 trillion bytes. It is commonly used to measure the storage capacity of computer systems and data storage devices. In this context, the answer "terabyte" is the most appropriate choice as it accurately represents the given information about the size of data in bytes.
7.
A small picture that represents an object or program.
Correct Answer
B. Icon
Explanation
An icon is a small picture that represents an object or program. Icons are commonly used in computer systems to visually represent files, folders, applications, and other elements. They provide a quick and easily recognizable way for users to identify and interact with different items on the screen. Icons are designed to be simple and intuitive, often using visual metaphors to convey their meaning. They play a crucial role in user interfaces, helping users navigate and interact with digital systems efficiently.
8.
A portable computer that is small enough to be held in one's hand.
Correct Answer
C. Handheld
Explanation
A handheld device refers to a portable computer that is small enough to be held in one's hand. It is typically compact and lightweight, allowing for easy mobility and convenience. This term is often used to describe smartphones, tablets, and other similar devices that can be easily carried and operated while on the go.
9.
An organized list of instructions that, when executed, causes the computer to behave in a predetermined manner.
Correct Answer
D. Program
Explanation
A program is an organized list of instructions that, when executed, causes the computer to behave in a predetermined manner. It is a set of coded commands that tell the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them. Programs can be written in various programming languages and are essential for operating computers and running specific tasks or applications.
10.
A type of computer used for engineering applications, desktop publishing, software development and other types of applications that require a moderate amount of computing power and relatively high-quality graphics capabilities.
Correct Answer
A. Workstation
Explanation
A workstation is a type of computer that is specifically designed for tasks that require a moderate amount of computing power and high-quality graphics capabilities. It is commonly used in engineering applications, desktop publishing, software development, and other similar tasks. Unlike regular desktop computers, workstations are optimized for performance and are equipped with powerful processors, ample memory, and advanced graphics cards to handle demanding tasks efficiently. Therefore, the term "workstation" is the correct answer in this context.
11.
A computer or device on a network that manages network resources.
Correct Answer
C. Server
Explanation
A server is a computer or device on a network that manages network resources. It is responsible for storing, processing, and delivering data and services to other devices on the network. Servers can provide various functions such as hosting websites, managing email, storing files, and running applications. They play a crucial role in managing and coordinating network activities, ensuring efficient communication and resource utilization among devices connected to the network.
12.
A collection of facts and data about a specific subject.
Correct Answer
B. Information
Explanation
The correct answer is "information" because information refers to a collection of facts and data about a specific subject. It can include data, facts, knowledge, or details that are organized and can be used to gain knowledge or make decisions.
13.
A small piece of semi-conducting material (usually a nonmetallic chemical element in the carbon family) on which an integrated circuit is embedded.
Correct Answer
D. Silicon chip
Explanation
A silicon chip is a small piece of semi-conducting material on which an integrated circuit is embedded. It is made of silicon, which is a nonmetallic chemical element in the carbon family. The silicon chip is used to process and store information, making it an essential component of modern electronic devices. The other options, such as output, information, and Pentium, are not accurate descriptions of a silicon chip.
14.
A very large and expensive computer capable of supporting thousands of users at the same time.
Correct Answer
A. Mainframe
Explanation
A mainframe is a very large and expensive computer that is designed to handle a high volume of processing and support thousands of users simultaneously. It is known for its ability to handle complex and critical applications, such as large-scale data processing, financial transactions, and scientific computations. Mainframes are often used by large organizations and institutions that require high levels of reliability, security, and scalability.
15.
An acronym, or single letter abbreviation, for Read-Only Memory, computer memory on which data has been prerecorded.
Correct Answer
A. ROM
Explanation
ROM stands for Read-Only Memory, which is a type of computer memory that stores data that has been prerecorded and cannot be modified or erased. This type of memory is non-volatile, meaning that it retains its data even when the computer is turned off. ROM is commonly used in devices such as game consoles, smartphones, and embedded systems where permanent storage of data is required. It is different from RAM (Random Access Memory) which is volatile and allows for data to be read and written.
16.
Anything that comes out of a computer.
Correct Answer
C. Output
Explanation
Output refers to any information or data that is produced by a computer system and presented to the user or another system. It can take various forms, such as text, images, sounds, or video. In this context, "anything that comes out of a computer" can be interpreted as referring to the output generated by the computer system. The other options, handheld, byte, and ROM, do not encompass the broad concept of output and are therefore not the correct answer.
17.
A microprocessor.
Correct Answer
D. Pentium
Explanation
The given correct answer is "pentium." A Pentium is a type of microprocessor, which is a central processing unit (CPU) that executes instructions and performs calculations in a computer. It is a brand of processors developed by Intel and is commonly used in personal computers. Therefore, a Pentium can be considered a type of microprocessor.
18.
Refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image.
Correct Answer
B. Resolution
Explanation
Resolution refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image. It is a measure of the number of pixels in an image, usually expressed as width x height. A higher resolution means more pixels are packed into the image, resulting in a clearer and more detailed picture. The resolution of an image is important in various applications, such as photography, graphic design, and display technology, as it determines the level of detail that can be seen in the image.
19.
Short for Picture Element; a single point on a graphic image.
Correct Answer
A. Pixel
Explanation
A pixel is a term used to describe a single point on a graphic image. It is a small unit that represents a specific color or shade. Pixels are the building blocks of digital images and are used to display and create visual content on screens, such as computer monitors, smartphones, and televisions. Each pixel contains information about its color and position, and when combined with other pixels, forms a complete image.