Test Your Knowledge On Epilepsy! Trivia Quiz

Explanation
The correct answer is "doose LGS, LGS doose, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome doose." This is because both Doose syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome can be seen in children between the ages of 1 and 5.

Explanation
Both "absence rolandic" and "rolandic absence" syndromes are observed in children between the ages of 5 and 11. These syndromes are characterized by sudden and brief episodes of altered consciousness or absence seizures, which are typically benign and do not require treatment. The term "absence rolandic" refers to the involvement of the rolandic region of the brain in these seizures, while "rolandic absence" highlights the specific type of absence seizure that occurs in this region.

Explanation
Dravet syndrome is a type of seizure known as myoclonic. Myoclonic seizures are characterized by sudden, brief, and involuntary muscle jerks or twitches. These seizures can affect various parts of the body and may occur in clusters or individually. Myoclonic seizures are commonly seen in Dravet syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy that usually begins in infancy or early childhood. This condition is characterized by frequent seizures, developmental delays, and cognitive impairments. The correct answer options "myoclonic" and "Myoclonic" both correctly identify the type of seizure associated with Dravet syndrome, while "myeoclonic" is an incorrect spelling.

Explanation
Rolandic Syndrome involves the perioral area, which refers to the region around the mouth. This syndrome is characterized by seizures that typically occur during sleep and affect the face, tongue, and throat muscles. The perioral area is specifically involved because the seizures often manifest as facial twitching, drooling, and difficulty speaking or swallowing. Therefore, understanding the association between Rolandic Syndrome and the perioral area is crucial in diagnosing and managing this condition.

Explanation
Valparin has a higher seizure free rate of 73% compared to Phenytoin. This means that a larger percentage of patients who take Valparin experience freedom from seizures compared to those who take Phenytoin. This suggests that Valparin may be a more effective medication for treating seizures.

Explanation
Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic window. This means that there is a small range of doses in which the drug is effective and safe. If the dose is too low, it may not be effective in treating the condition it is prescribed for. On the other hand, if the dose is too high, it can lead to toxic side effects. Therefore, it is important to closely monitor the blood levels of phenytoin to ensure that it stays within the narrow therapeutic window.

Explanation
Phenytoin is an enzyme inducer.

Explanation
Phenytoin aggravates both absence and myoclonic seizures.

Explanation
Valparin maintains cognitive function compared to Phenytoin. This suggests that Valparin does not have a significant negative impact on cognitive abilities, while Phenytoin may have adverse effects on cognitive function.

Explanation
The correct answer is "brand, Brand". The IAP guidelines have recommended Valparin by its brand name.

Explanation
Valparin is recommended as the drug of choice in GTCS absence and Myoclonic LGS types of generalized seizures. Additionally, it is also recommended in juvenile myoclonic GTCS, absence LGS, and LGS GTCS.

Explanation
According to SANAD, Valparin is considered superior to lamotrigine in terms of efficacy.

Explanation
According to SANAD, Valparin is considered superior to topiramate, toperamate, and Toperemate in terms of tolerability.

Explanation
The KOMET Study compared Valparin and Levitracetam/Levetiracetam/levetiracetam/levitracitam.

Explanation
The correct answer is "longer, Longer, higher, Higher." This suggests that Valparin, a medication, increases the time it takes for a seizure to occur. The word "longer" indicates an extended duration, while "higher" implies an increased level or intensity. Therefore, Valparin is effective in delaying the onset of seizures and potentially reducing their severity.

Explanation
The correct answer for this question is "similar, Similar, same, equal, Same." This is because KOMET efficacy is being compared to Valparin, and all of these options convey the meaning of being alike or equivalent.

Explanation
The correct answer is "similar". According to KOMET (Korean Multicenter Epilepsy Study), the tolerability of Valparin is similar to that of another drug or treatment. This means that Valparin is well-tolerated by patients in a similar way to the other drug or treatment being compared.

Explanation
Vinlep has a high seizure-free rate of 72% in one year. This means that out of all the patients who took Vinlep for one year, 72% of them did not experience any seizures during that time. This indicates that Vinlep is effective in preventing seizures in a significant proportion of patients.

Explanation
Vinlep has a high retention rate of 91% in one year. This means that 91% of the customers who started using Vinlep at the beginning of the year are still using it at the end of the year. A high retention rate indicates that Vinlep is successful in keeping its customers engaged and satisfied with its product or service, leading to customer loyalty and long-term usage.

Explanation
The correct answer is 81.2%. This indicates that in pediatric partial epilepsy, the seizure free rate of Vinlep after 6 months is 81.2%.

Explanation
CBZ undergoes auto induction into 10,11-epoxide. This means that CBZ undergoes a process of self-induction, resulting in the formation of a compound called 10,11-epoxide. This compound is likely a product of a chemical reaction or transformation that occurs within CBZ itself. The different variations of the answer (10,11-epoxide, 10,11 epoxide, 10 11 epoxide, 10, 11-epoxide) are all acceptable ways of representing the compound name.

Explanation
Vinlep improves multiple parameters in quality of life (QOL), including seizure worry, overall QOL, social functioning, cognition, and medication effects. This suggests that Vinlep has a positive impact on reducing concerns about seizures, improving overall well-being, enhancing social interactions, boosting cognitive abilities, and minimizing the adverse effects of medication.

Explanation
Vinlep causes less change in homocysteine levels in the CVS system.

Explanation
CBZ elevates lipid, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in the cardiovascular system (CVS). This means that CBZ increases the amount of these substances in the bloodstream, which can have various effects on cardiovascular health. Elevated lipid levels can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and increase the risk of heart disease. Similarly, high cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular problems. Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood, and elevated levels can also contribute to heart disease. Therefore, CBZ's effect on these substances in the CVS can have significant implications for cardiovascular health.

Explanation
The given correct answer is "Lipid, lipid". This suggests that the levels of lipid in children treated with CBZ (CVS system) increased. The repetition of the word "lipid" emphasizes its significance and indicates a clear increase in lipid levels.

Explanation
CBZ (Carbamazepine) is an anticonvulsant medication commonly used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It has been observed to reduce libido, or sexual drive, in some individuals. One possible explanation for this effect is that CBZ increases levels of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG). SHBG is a protein that binds to sex hormones such as testosterone, reducing their availability for use in the body. Increased levels of SHBG can lead to a decrease in free testosterone, which may result in a decrease in libido.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Pocket pad, Pocket pad, Pocket Pad, vinlep pad, Vinlep pad." This suggests that the input for visit 3 in March is a type of pad called "Pocket pad" or "vinlep pad." The repetition of the answer options with different capitalizations may indicate that the system is not case-sensitive and accepts different variations of the same answer.

Explanation
According to Veena Kalra's study, Frisium has a tolerance of less than 6%.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Levetiracetam, levetiracetam, Levitracetam, levitracetam, levitracitam". The question is asking for the Frisium input for Visit 3 in March, specifically in relation to a head to head campaign LBL. The correct answer options are all variations of the drug name "Levetiracetam". Therefore, the Frisium input for Visit 3 in March is associated with the drug Levetiracetam.