Soal Uh-5 (Fungi) Bio X
Bagi siswa/i kls X silahkan kerjakan soal berikut kemudian cetak hasilnya sebagai nilai UH-5
- 1.
Adanya pertumbuhan jamur sejenis pada suatu tempat dari musim ke musim menunjukkan bahwa di tempat tersebut terdapat sisa-sisa ….
- A.
tubuh buah
- B.
Miselium
- C.
Hifa
- D.
Spora
- E.
Rizoid
Correct Answer
D. SporaExplanation
The presence of consistent growth of the same type of fungus in a particular location from season to season suggests that there are remnants of spores in that place. Spores are reproductive structures that can lie dormant for extended periods and then germinate under favorable conditions to produce new fungal growth. This explanation aligns with the information given in the question and the correct answer choice.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Untuk pertumbuhannya, jamur menyukai tempat-tempat tersebut di bawah ini, kecuali….
- A.
Mcngandung zat-zat organik
- B.
Lingkungan yang scdikit asam
- C.
Kurang sinar matahari
- D.
Iingkungan yang lcmbap
- E.
Lingkungan yang bcrair
Correct Answer
B. Lingkungan yang scdikit asamExplanation
Jamur tumbuh dengan baik di lingkungan yang mengandung zat-zat organik, kurang sinar matahari, lingkungan yang lembap, dan lingkungan yang berair. Namun, jamur tidak menyukai lingkungan yang sedikit asam.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Jamur yang tidak dapat dimakan adalah ….
- A.
Ragi tape
- B.
Ragi tempe
- C.
Jamur kuping
- D.
Jamur karat
- E.
Ragi oncom
Correct Answer
D. Jamur karatExplanation
Jamur karat tidak dapat dimakan karena memiliki kandungan racun yang berbahaya bagi manusia. Racun tersebut dapat menyebabkan keracunan jika dikonsumsi. Oleh karena itu, jamur karat tidak direkomendasikan untuk dikonsumsi sebagai makanan.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Pcmbuatan oncom memerlukan jcnis jamur yang dikcnal dcngan nama ilmiah ….
- A.
Ustilago maydis
- B.
Aspergillus wentii
- C.
Mucor mucedo
- D.
Neurospora crassa
- E.
Polyphorus versicolor
Correct Answer
D. Neurospora crassaExplanation
The correct answer is Neurospora crassa. Neurospora crassa is a type of fungus commonly used in the production of oncom, a traditional Indonesian food made from fermented soybean residue. It is known for its ability to produce enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates and proteins, which contributes to the unique flavor and texture of oncom.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Penicillium notatum dan Penicillium chrysogenum mcrupakan scjcnis jamur yang termasuk kc dalam kclas ….
- A.
Basidiomycota
- B.
Ascomycota
- C.
Zygomycota
- D.
Oomycota
- E.
Dcutcromycota
Correct Answer
B. AscomycotaExplanation
The correct answer is Ascomycota. Penicillium notatum and Penicillium chrysogenum are both species of fungi that belong to the phylum Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a diverse group of fungi that includes many important species, such as yeasts, molds, and truffles. They are characterized by their production of ascospores, which are produced in sac-like structures called asci. Ascomycota fungi are commonly found in soil, on decaying plant material, and as symbionts with plants. They play important roles in decomposition, nutrient cycling, and as pathogens of plants and animals.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Racun aflatoksin dihasilkan oleh jamur….
- A.
Penicillium
- B.
Fusarium
- C.
Mucor
- D.
Aspergillus flavus
- E.
Rhizopus oryzae
Correct Answer
D. Aspergillus flavusExplanation
Aspergillus flavus is a type of fungus that is known to produce a toxin called aflatoxin. Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen and can contaminate various crops, including peanuts, corn, and tree nuts. Therefore, the correct answer is Aspergillus flavus as it is the fungus responsible for producing aflatoxin.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Sifat-sifat jamur adalah sebagai bcrikut, kecuali….
- A.
Tubuh tcrdiri atas hifa
- B.
Bcrsifat hctcrotrof
- C.
Scl bcrsifat eukarotik
- D.
Dapat bcrfotosintcsis
- E.
Hidup pada habitat sedikit asam dan lcmbap
Correct Answer
D. Dapat bcrfotosintcsisExplanation
The given options describe the characteristics of fungi. Fungi are known to have a body composed of hyphae, be heterotrophic, have eukaryotic cells, and live in slightly acidic and moist habitats. However, fungi are not capable of photosynthesis, which sets them apart from plants and some other organisms.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Untuk mcmbuat alkohol dipcrlukan jamur….
- A.
Mucor
- B.
Penicillium
- C.
Aspergillus
- D.
Rhizopus
- E.
Saccharomyces
Correct Answer
E. SaccharomycesExplanation
Saccharomyces is needed to make alcohol because it is a type of yeast that is commonly used in the fermentation process. Yeast, specifically Saccharomyces, converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, and spirits. Saccharomyces is preferred for its ability to efficiently convert sugars into alcohol and its tolerance to high alcohol concentrations. Other fungi mentioned in the options, such as Mucor, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Rhizopus, do not have the same ability to produce alcohol through fermentation.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Kapang yang tumbuh pada kacang tanah yang menghasilkan aflatoksin ialah ....
- A.
Penicillium notatum
- B.
Fusarium sp.
- C.
Sacharomyces cerevisiae
- D.
Aspergillus flavus
- E.
Rhizopus oryzae
Correct Answer
D. Aspergillus flavusExplanation
Aspergillus flavus is the correct answer because it is a type of mold that commonly grows on peanuts and produces a toxin called aflatoxin. Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen and can contaminate peanuts and peanut products, posing a health risk if consumed. Therefore, it is important to prevent the growth of Aspergillus flavus on peanuts to ensure food safety.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Kapang yang digunakan dalam pembuatan tempe ialah ....
- A.
Rhizopus oryzae
- B.
Ganoderma sp
- C.
Aspergillus wentii
- D.
Aspergillus oryzae
- E.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Correct Answer
A. Rhizopus oryzaeExplanation
The correct answer is Rhizopus oryzae. Rhizopus oryzae is the mold used in the production of tempeh, a traditional Indonesian fermented soybean product. This mold is responsible for the fermentation process, breaking down the proteins and carbohydrates in the soybeans and transforming them into a nutritious and flavorful food product.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Seorang siswa bernama Faqih menemukan makhluk hidup tidak berklorofil, hifa bersekat, reproduksi aseksual dengan membentuk konidium, sedangkan reproduksi seksualnya belum diketahui. Berdasarkan ciri-ciri tersebut Faqih menyimpulkan bahwa makhluk hidup tersebut termasuk dalam filum ....
- A.
Oomycota
- B.
Ascomycota
- C.
Zygomycota
- D.
Basidiomycota
- E.
Deuteromycota
Correct Answer
E. DeuteromycotaExplanation
Based on the given characteristics, Faqih concluded that the organism belongs to the phylum Deuteromycota. This is because the organism is non-photosynthetic (lacks chlorophyll), has septate hyphae, and reproduces asexually by forming conidia. The phylum Deuteromycota, also known as Fungi Imperfecti, includes fungi that only reproduce asexually and do not have a known sexual reproductive stage.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Basidiomycota yang digunakan sebagai jamur obat ialah ....
- A.
Jamur tiram
- B.
Jamur kuping
- C.
Jamur merang
- D.
LingZhe
- E.
Shiitake
Correct Answer
D. LingZheExplanation
LingZhe is the correct answer because it is a type of mushroom that is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for its medicinal properties. It has been used for centuries to boost the immune system, improve overall health, and treat various ailments. LingZhe contains bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols, which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Therefore, it is commonly used as a medicinal mushroom.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Jamur yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan ialah ....
- A.
Volvariela volvaceae
- B.
Mucor sp
- C.
Ganoderma aplanatum
- D.
Amanita aplanoides
- E.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Correct Answer
A. Volvariela volvaceaeExplanation
Volvariela volvaceae is the correct answer because it is a type of mushroom that can be used as a food source. Other options such as Mucor sp, Ganoderma aplanatum, Amanita aplanoides, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae may have other uses or may not be suitable for consumption.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is a difference between plants and fungi?
- A.
Plants have diploid and haploid phases, and fungi only have haploid stages
- B.
Fungi have cell walls.
- C.
Fungi are heterotrophic and plants are autotrophic.
- D.
Plants produce spores
- E.
Fungi are strictly asexual and plants undergo sexual reproduction
Correct Answer
C. Fungi are heterotrophic and plants are autotrophic.Explanation
Plants and fungi differ in their mode of obtaining nutrients. Fungi are heterotrophic, meaning they obtain their nutrients by consuming organic matter from their environment. On the other hand, plants are autotrophic, meaning they can produce their own food through photosynthesis. This is a fundamental difference between the two groups, as it determines their ecological roles and impacts their overall biology and physiology.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Jenis jamur berikut yang termasuk Zygomycota adalah ….
- A.
Rhizopus sp
- B.
Volvariella volvaceae
- C.
Aspergillus sp
- D.
Neurospora sp
- E.
Saccharomyces sp
Correct Answer
A. Rhizopus spExplanation
Rhizopus sp is the correct answer because it belongs to the Zygomycota group of fungi. Zygomycota is a phylum of fungi that reproduce sexually by forming zygospores. Rhizopus is a common genus of fungi in this phylum, and it includes species such as Rhizopus stolonifer, commonly known as black bread mold. These fungi are characterized by their fast growth and ability to decompose organic matter.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Jamur Zygomycota menyerap makanannya melalui ….
- A.
Seluruh bagian tubuh
- B.
Hifa
- C.
Sporangium
- D.
Stolon
- E.
Rizoid
Correct Answer
E. RizoidExplanation
Zygomycota fungi absorb their food through rhizoids, which are root-like structures that anchor the fungus to the substrate and also help in nutrient absorption. Rhizoids are found in the lower part of the fungal body and play a crucial role in absorbing nutrients from the environment. They are responsible for the absorption of water and minerals from the substrate, allowing the fungus to obtain the necessary nutrients for its growth and survival.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Berikut ini adalah cirri-ciri organism yang termasuk ke dalam kingdom fungi, kecuali ….
- A.
Hidupnya saprofit/parasit
- B.
Sel-sel penyusunnya telah memiliki inti sel
- C.
Belum mempunyai organ akar, batang, dan daun
- D.
Habitatnya di tempat yang kaya bahan organic
- E.
Tidak mampu menyusun senyawa organic sendiri
Correct Answer
C. Belum mempunyai organ akar, batang, dan daunExplanation
Organisme yang termasuk ke dalam kingdom fungi memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut: hidupnya saprofit/parasit, sel-sel penyusunnya telah memiliki inti sel, habitatnya di tempat yang kaya bahan organic, dan tidak mampu menyusun senyawa organic sendiri. Namun, mereka belum memiliki organ akar, batang, dan daun seperti pada tumbuhan.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Berikut ini cirri-ciri jamur: 1) Spora dihasilkan di dalam alat berbentuk botol 2) Spora mempunyai alat gerak berupa bulu cambuk 3) Spora terdapat di dalam tonjolan hifa 4) Hifa bersekat dan berinti banyak 5) Bersifat mikroskopis Sifat jamur divisi Ascomycotina adalah …
- A.
1 dan 2
- B.
1 dan4
- C.
2 dan 3
- D.
2 dan 4
- E.
2 dan 5
Correct Answer
B. 1 dan4Explanation
The correct answer is 1 dan 4 because the characteristics mentioned in options 1 and 4 match the given descriptions of the features of the fungus. The fact that the spores are produced inside bottle-shaped structures (option 1) and that the hyphae are segmented and have multiple nuclei (option 4) are both mentioned in the given descriptions.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Jamur banyak memberi manfaat bagi manusia. Jamur dari kelompok Ascomycotina yang mempunyai peran penting serta manfaat bagi manusia adalah …
- A.
Penicilium sp dan Volvariella volvacea
- B.
Neurospora crassa dan Penicillium notatum
- C.
Trichoderma sp dan Pleurotus sp
- D.
Aspergillus niger dan Rhizopus stolonifer
- E.
Saccharomyces sp dan Rhizopus oryzae
Correct Answer
B. Neurospora crassa dan Penicillium notatumExplanation
Neurospora crassa and Penicillium notatum are important fungi from the Ascomycotina group that have significant roles and benefits for humans. Neurospora crassa is commonly used as a model organism in genetic and biochemical research, providing valuable insights into various biological processes. Penicillium notatum, on the other hand, is known for producing the antibiotic penicillin, which has revolutionized medicine by effectively treating bacterial infections. Both fungi have contributed greatly to scientific and medical advancements, making them important and beneficial to humans.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Perhatikan gambar di bawah ini! Jamur tersebut adalah….
- A.
Rhizopus oryzae
- B.
Rhizopus stolonifer
- C.
Aspergillus niger
- D.
Aspergillus nigricant
- E.
Aspergillus wentii
Correct Answer
B. Rhizopus stoloniferExplanation
The correct answer is Rhizopus stolonifer.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Berikut cirri-ciri suatu jenis jamur. 1) Hifa bersifat soenositik 2) Hifa bersekat 3) Memiliki dinding sel dari zat kitin 4) Memiliki badan buah 5) Reproduksi generative dengan askospora 6) Reproduksi generative dengan zigospora Karakteristik yang dimiliki oleh kelompok jamur Zygomycotina meliputi nomor….
- A.
1,2,dan 5
- B.
1,3 dan 6
- C.
2,4,dan 6
- D.
3,4 dan 5
- E.
3,5 dan 6
Correct Answer
B. 1,3 dan 6Explanation
Kelompok jamur Zygomycotina memiliki karakteristik yang mencakup hifa bersifat soenositik (nomor 1), memiliki dinding sel dari zat kitin (nomor 3), dan reproduksi generative dengan zigospora (nomor 6).Rate this question:
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- 22.
Alat yang digunakan untuk mengabsorbsi makanan dan sebagai alat perekat pada substrat disebut ....
- A.
Stolon
- B.
Sporangiospora
- C.
Zigospora
- D.
Rizoid
- E.
Sporangium
Correct Answer
D. RizoidExplanation
The correct answer is "rizoid." Rizoids are structures found in certain plants, such as mosses and liverworts, that function as both absorptive organs for nutrients and as adhesive organs to anchor the plant to its substrate. Rizoids play a crucial role in the absorption of water and minerals from the environment, as well as providing stability and support to the plant.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Di bawah ini yang merupakan ciri-ciri jamur adalah ....
- A.
Berupa talus - eukariotik - heterotrof
- B.
Berupa talus - prokariotik – heterotrof
- C.
Berupa talus - eukariotik – autotrof
- D.
Berupa talus - prokariotik – autotrof
- E.
Berupa talus - eukariotik danprokariotik - heterotrof dan autotrof
Correct Answer
A. Berupa talus - eukariotik - heterotrofExplanation
The correct answer is "berupa talus - eukariotik - heterotrof." This is because fungi are characterized by having a thallus (a body that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves), being eukaryotic (having cells with a true nucleus), and being heterotrophic (obtaining nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their environment).Rate this question:
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- 24.
Perhatikan gambar berikut! Jamur di samping pembentukan sporanya ada di….
- A.
Basidium
- B.
Askus
- C.
Sporangium
- D.
Konidium
- E.
Zygospora
Correct Answer
A. BasidiumExplanation
The correct answer is Basidium. Basidium is a specialized structure found in certain fungi, such as mushrooms, where spores are produced. In the given image, the mushroom is shown with its basidia, indicating that the spores are formed in this structure.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Ditemukan jamur yang mempunyai cirri-ciri berikut: a) Mempunyai hifa bersekat dan berunti banyak b) Dapat berkembangbiak secara seksual dan aseksual c) Membentuk badan buah yang menghasilkan 8 spora haploid Berdasarkan cirri-ciri di atas, jamur tersebut digolongkan dalam divisi….
- A.
Lichenes
- B.
Zygomycota
- C.
Ascomycota
- D.
Basidiomycota
- E.
Deuteromycota
Correct Answer
C. AscomycotaExplanation
Based on the given characteristics, the fungus is classified in the division Ascomycota. This is because Ascomycota fungi have septate and branched hyphae, they can reproduce both sexually and asexually, and they form fruiting bodies that produce eight haploid spores. Lichenes, Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, and Deuteromycota do not possess all of these characteristics, so they are not the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Berdasarkan tabel dibawah,pasangan yang tepat adalah…. No Jamur Peranan A Volvariella volvacea Sumber protein B Lentinus edodes Pembuatan keju C Aspergillus niger Pembuatan tape D Aspergillus flavus Parasit pada batang tumbuhan E Penicillium camemberti antibiotik
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
E
Correct Answer
A. AExplanation
The correct answer is A because Volvariella volvacea is known as the straw mushroom, which is a good source of protein. The other options do not match the given roles. Lentinus edodes is known as shiitake mushroom and is used in making cheese (option B). Aspergillus niger is used in making tape (option C). Aspergillus flavus is a parasitic fungus on plant stems (option D). Penicillium camemberti is used in producing antibiotics (option E).Rate this question:
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- 27.
Jamur yang berguna bagi manusia adalah….
- A.
Mucor mucedo dan Rhizopus oryzae
- B.
Aspergillus flavus dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- C.
Aspergillus niger dan Penicillium notatum
- D.
Penicillium camemberti dan Aspergillus nigricant
- E.
Rhizopus stolonifer dan Curvularia sp
Correct Answer
C. Aspergillus niger dan Penicillium notatumExplanation
Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum are useful fungi for humans. Aspergillus niger is used in the production of citric acid, which is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a preservative and flavor enhancer. It is also used in the production of enzymes and organic acids. Penicillium notatum is the source of the antibiotic penicillin, which has revolutionized medicine by effectively treating bacterial infections. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of various types of penicillin-based antibiotics.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Jamur di bawah ini termasuk dalam kelompok…
- A.
Lichenes
- B.
Zygomycota
- C.
Ascomycota
- D.
Basidiomycota
- E.
Deuteromycota
Correct Answer
B. ZygomycotaExplanation
The correct answer is Zygomycota. Zygomycota is a group of fungi that reproduce sexually by forming zygospores. They are characterized by their ability to produce hyphae that lack septa, and their mode of reproduction involves the fusion of two hyphae to form a zygospore. Examples of Zygomycota include bread molds and black molds.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Kumpulan benang-benang halus pada jamur disebut ….
- A.
Sporangium
- B.
Askospora
- C.
Miselium
- D.
Basidiospora
- E.
Spora
Correct Answer
C. MiseliumExplanation
The correct answer is miselium. Miselium refers to a collection of fine threads in fungi that form a network-like structure. It is responsible for the absorption of nutrients and acts as the main vegetative body of the fungus. Sporangium, askospora, basidiospora, and spora are all reproductive structures in fungi, but miselium is the term used to describe the collection of fine threads.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Di bawah ini yang bukan merupakan manfaat lumut kerak bagi manusia adalah …
- A.
Dibuat obat
- B.
Dibuat kertas lakmus
- C.
Penambah rasa atau aroma
- D.
Indikator pencemaran air
- E.
Tumbuhan perintis
Correct Answer
E. Tumbuhan perintisExplanation
Lumut kerak memiliki banyak manfaat bagi manusia, seperti digunakan dalam pembuatan obat, kertas lakmus, dan sebagai indikator pencemaran air. Namun, lumut kerak tidak digunakan sebagai penambah rasa atau aroma.Rate this question:
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